Method of and apparatus for reenforcing the margins of paper



April 9, 1935. o. GERNGROSS El AL METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR REENFORCING THE MARGINS OF PAPER 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 5, 1931 A ftorney v April 9, 1935- o. GERNGROSS ET AL METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR REENFORCING THE MARGINS OF PAPER Filed Jan. 5, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig. 3 nniTum Fig.6

Attorney April 9, 1935. -o. GERNGROSS -El' Al.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR REENFORCING THE MARGINS OF PAPER Filed Jan. 5, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Inventors y M Afforney Patented Apr. 9, 1935 PATENT OFFICE.

METHOD APPARATUS FOR REEN- .FORCING THE MARGINS OF PAPER Otto Gerngross, Berlin-Grunewald, and Hellmuth- Christ, Berlin-Niederschoneweide, Germany Application January 5, 1931, Serial No. 506,706

In Germany March 3, 1928 18 Claims.

Our invention relates to improvements in the method of and apparatus for reenforcing the margins of paper or fabric, and more partied-,- larly in the method in which a strip of paper or similar reenforcing material is folded and applied to both sides of the margin of the paper 4 or fabric for protecting the same from being torn at its margin.

One of the objects of the improvements is to provide an apparatus in which the strip of paper is correctly passed with the proper tension from a spool thereof to the mechanism for applying the same to the margin of the paper, "and with this object'in view our invention consists in providing braking means for the said strip of paper in connection with the means for supplying the same to the apparatus. The said braking means consist of a weighted body placed on the spool and controlling the unwinding thereof by friction vided which directly act on the strip of paper for putting the same under tension while applying the'same to the, paper.

Another object of the improvements is to provide a folding member supplying the strip of paper to the rollers pressing the same on the paper, the said folding member being movable so as to adapt itself to irregularities in the feeding, the quality, or the size of the strip of paper.

Another object ofthe improvements is to provide an apparatus in which means for pressing the folded strip onto the paper and means for applying a crease thereto are combined into a single tool, the said tool comprising one or two dented and interengaging creasingdisks located between the same.

' Another object of the improvements is to provide means for stretching the pressed and creased sheet and 'strip after applying the same' to the paper, and with this object in view our invention consists in providing apair.of pressing rollers at the rear of said pressing and creasing rollers, the circumferential velocity of the said pressing rollers being slightly greater than'that of the pressing and creasing rollers.

Another object of the improvements is to construct the machine so that the reenforcing strip may be readily inserted between the said rollers, and with this object in view our invention consists in constructing the aforesaid folding memher so that it may be rocked relatively to the direction of the movement of the paper and-the strip at such an angle that when inserting the strip into the same the said mrip is located latercaused by gravity. In addition brakes are propairs of coaxial pressing rollers and a pair of in-- ally of the said rollers, the said rollers'being adapted to be separated from one another for permitting the prpjecting end of the strip to be inserted between the same from the side thereof.

Another object of the improvements is to 5 mount the blades for cutting the strip after applying the same to the paper on a member which may be readily removed from the apparatus, so that the said blades may be readily cleaned or exchanged. 10

Another object of the improvements is to provide a method in which the reenforcing strip is provided at its middle with a second narrow strip bent around the edge of the paper, the said narrow strip being made from a particularly strong material.

Finally an object of the improvements is to provide a method and an apparatus in which the reenforcing strip is applied tothe margin of the paper so that it is safely connected therewith even if the paper is less adhesive, and with this object in view our invention consists in piercing the paper to be reenforced along its margin so that the glue or cement applied to the reenforcing strip passes through the punctures thus produced and glues the folds of the strip together. v

For the purpose of explaining the invention several examples embodying the same have been I shown in the accompanying drawings, inwhich the same reference characters have been .used in all the views to indicate corresponding parts. In

said drawings,

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of the apparatus,

Fig. 2 is an elevation thereof,

Fig. 3 is an elevation viewed from .the right in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 44 of Fig. 2, I 1

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation on an enlarged scale showing the pressing and creasing rollers,

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary elevation viewed from the left in Fig. 5, Fig. '7 is a sectional elevation showing a modification of one of the creasing and pressing rollers,

Figs. 8 and 9 are end and side elevations on an enlarged scale showing the strip folding member,

Fig. 10 is a sectional plan view on an enlarged scale taken on the line HL-l 0 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 11 is a sectionalv elevation on an enlarged 50 scale taken on the line l i-Il of Fig. 2,

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary elevation of the right hand part ofthe apparatus, the front plate of the casing enclosing the creasing and pressing rollers being removed,

Fig. 13 is a sectional elevation taken on the line |3--|3 of Fig. 12, and

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary view showing a part of the sheet to be reenforced and showing a reenforcing strip in course of being applied to itsv said base being provided at its front side with a guide i8 for the margin of the sheet of paper. On a bracket H a spool I8 is rotatably mounted which has a reenforcing strip 86, 81 made from paper or fabric wound thereon. On-the bracket l1 an arm 20 is rockingly mounted which carries a friction roller 2| and on a second bracket 22 a second roller 23 is mounted. To the right hand end of the base H a frame is secured which mainly consists of a front plate 24 secured to the base H by means of stay bolts 26, and a rear plate 25, and in which are mounted pressing and creasing or distorting rollers 21 and 28 and pressing and stretching rollers 29 and 30. Further, on the frame a device for cutting the strip is mounted which comprises a stationary blade 3| anda movable blade' 32.

The guide |6 for the margin of the sheet to be reenforced comprises an angular rail having its margin i9 upturned to form a U-shaped guide, the said rail-being fixed to the base i4 by screws. At a part of its length the upturned portion IQ of the rail is formed with a cut-out portion l9. The rail extends from the left hand end ofthe base 4 to a point near the frame 24, 25.

The spool 8 is mounted on a vertical bolt 33 that stands integrally upon the bracket l1. To

the bottom part of the said bolt a circular disk 35 is secured and the disk carries concentrically a ring 36. Upon this ring as an axle the spool I8 is rotatably mounted. Upon the spool l8 when in place a weighted body in the form of a comparatively thick circular disk 31 is placed. This disk is non-rotatable on the bolt 33. By the weight of the said disk 31 the spool I8 is pressed upon the disk 35, so that the spool i8 is frictionally held between the said disks and does not overrun when the strip is pulled therefrom.

After being taken from the spool l8 the strip is passed between the friction rollers 2| and 23. The arm 29 carrying the roller 2| is rockingly mounted on a pivot bolt 39, and'it carries integrally an upwardly directed stud 40 from which an integral arm 4| extends. In this arm the roller 2| is rotatably mounted. Preferably the roller 2| is milled circumferentially to increase friction. A spring 42 is attached to the arm 28 for pressing the milled roller 2| towards the roller 23, which roller 23 is likewise milled at the portion engaging the reenforcing strip.

The roller 23 is rotatably mounted on a bolt 43 rising from the bracket 22. It rests below on a disk of friction-engendering material such as raw hide or vulcanite, a coiled spring 44 acting on the roller 23 from above for pressing the same into frictional engagement with the said disk of raw hide. The friction may be regulated by means of nuts 45 screwing on the top end of the bolt 43. The roller 23 is flanged at its top and bottom ends to provide guides for the reenforcing strip.

The reenforcing strip coming from the brake rollers 2|, 281s passed through a folding device 46 which consists of a tapering mouthpiece made from sheet metal and having a U-shaped crosssection, the said mouthpiece having its edges turned inwardly as shown in Fig. 8. The mouthpiece is supported at its delivery end upon a stem 41 by means of which it is jointed to a bifurcated block 48 which constitutes the head of a pivot bolt 49. This pivot bolt stands vertically in and turns freely in its support in a bracket 58.

Thus the mouthpiece is adapted to be turned about the vertical axis of the bolt 49, which axis intersects the mouthpiece near its delivery end, and in addition the mouthpiece is adapted to be rocked about a horizontal axis. Thus in the operation of the apparatus the mouthpiece automatically follows any irregularities in'the size, structure, and the feed of the reenforcing strip, and further it may (when the machine is being made ready for operation) be rocked about its vertical axis at such an angle that the strip of paper passed therethrough will extend to one side of the frame 24, 25 and the parts mounted thereon, as is shown in Fig. 1 in dotted lines.

The plate 241s secured to the base l4 by means of the stay bolts 26 and screws 5|, and the plate 25 is fixed to the plate 24 by means of a spacing block 52, an arm 53 fixed thereto, and spacing sleeves 54 and screws 55. g

The pressing and creasing rollers 21 and 28 are mounted on shafts 56 and 51. Roller 21 is secured to its shaft 56 and the shaft 56 is Journaled directly in the frame; roller 28 is rotatably mounted upon its shaft 51 as an axle, and the shaft 51 is rigidly'carried in the bifurcated arm of one of a pair of bell-crank levers 10, which levers 18 are directly pivoted in the frame. The minute structure of rolls 21 and 28 is shown in detail in Figs. 5 and 6. As is shown in the said figures the rollers are composed of each two circular disks 58 and 59 anda creasing disk 80 located between the same, the said creasing disk being formed peripherally with teeth adapted by intermeshing to distort or impress the reenforc- -ing strip and the paper without actually piercing the same. As appears from Fig. 5, the diameter of the'disk 60 at the. bases of the teeth is smaller than the diameter of the disks 58 and 59, in order to permit the teeth of the two creasing disks to lntermesh, and simultaneously to permit the disks 58 and 59 to press the reeniorcea margin of the paper between the same. Coaxially of the upper roller 21 a gear wheel 6| is mounted on the disk 59. e The disks 58, 59, the disk 68 and the gear wheel 6| 'are held together by bolts 62 that extend through a flange 63 also upon the shaft 56. The disks 58, 59 and the disk 69 of the lower roller 28 are held together in a similar way. The upper disk 59 is milled circumferentially.

The roller 29' is secured to shaft 64 and the roller 30 is rotatable upon shaft 65 as an axle;

the shaft 64 is journaled in the frame and the shaft 65 is rigidly carried in the bifurcated arm of the other of the two bell-crank levers 19. These rollers 29 and 30 are adapted for frictional engagement with the reenforcing strip and the paper. They are slightly larger in diameter than the rollers 21 and 28, so that the reenforcing strip and thepaper are stretched between the sets of rollers 21, 28 and 29, 30. This is desirable for the reason thatthe paper is reduced in length The roller 28 is provided with a gear wheel 86.

For driving the rollers 21 and 28 a gear wheel 81 is provided which is. mounted on a rotary shaft 88 carrying a crank 88.

The lower rollers 28 and 38 are not directly mounted in the frame, but on bell crank levers 10 rockingly mounted on pivot bolts 1| set in the frame. The shafts 51 and 85 are secured to the horizontal arms of the said bell. ,crank levers, and the downwardly directed arms of the said bell crank levers are acted upon by a strong coiled spring 12 tending to force the rollers 28 and 38 upwardly and towards the rollers 21 and 28. The

rollers 28 and 28 are adapted to be moved downwardly and away from the rollers 21 and 28 by means of a plate 12 engaging the extended ends of shafts 81 and 85 and adapted to be forced downwardly by means of a lever 14 rockingly mounted on a pivot bolt 15 borne by the plate 24, said lever carrying a cam 88 engaging in a slot of the said plate 18.

The stationary blade 8| is fixed to the bottom end of the block 52. At its top end the said block is formed with two arms 16 ,and 11 in bores of which a stem 18 carrying a head 18 is guided. Between the arm 18 and a shoulder 88 of the stem 18 there is a coiled spring 8i which tends toforce the stem 18 upwardly. To the bottom end of the stem 18 the blade 32 is fixed. The

block 52 may be removed from the frames 24, 25 by removing the screws 5|, 55.

In alignment with the cutting edge of the blade 3! a mark 82 is made in the surface of the base M, the said mark indicating how iar the sheet must be advanced through the apparatus for cutting the strip.

At the left hand end of the base plate M an apparatus for punchinga series of holes alongside the margin of the sheet of paper is provided.

As shown, the said apparatus comprises a pair of interengaging piercing rollers 98 and BI in posi-- tion for engaging the margin of thesheet of paper and adapted to be rotated from the shaft 88 in a direction for-feeding the paper.. The

flange of the lower roller 88 is formed with holes wheel 88 is secured which is in engagement with the gear wheel 81. Further, the said shaft carries a sprocket wheel 88 connected by a chain.

with a sprocket wheel I88 to a shaft 56.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: On the spool 18 a reenforcing'strip is wound one face of which has a suitable cemen applied thereto. The cement is of such a character that it remains soft. and plastic for a certain length of time while being on the spool, and that it dries gradually when the strip has been applied to the paper. The leading end ,of the strip is drawn from 'the spool and passed between the friction rollers 21, 22, and it is in'serted'into the mouthpiece the said mouthpiece being set in angular position as is shown in Fig. 1 in dotted lines. The

lower rollers '28 and are pressed downwardly by means of the lever 14, and the projecting end of the reenforcing strip is-passed between the rollers 21, 29 and 28, 30, whereupon the lever 14 is released so that the reenforcing strip is clamped between the saidrollers. The sheet of paper to be reenforced is placed on the base I with its margin passing through the guide 16 and be tween the punching rollers 88, 9|. By turning the crank 69 the paper and strip are passed through the folding member 88 and thereafter between the pressing and creasing rollers 21 and the paper or otherwise distorting the same while the strip is still soft and plastic the said parts are perfectly bound together. When the strip and paper pass between the pressing rollers 28 and 38 the circumferential velocity of which is slightly greater than that-of the rollers 21 and; i

28, they are stretched so that the contraction caused by creasing is compensated and the sheet and strip leaving the apparatus are free of any marginal corrugations. When the rear edge-of the sheet coincides with the-mark 82 the stem 18 is pressed downwardly thus cutting the strip.

In Fig. '7 we have shown a modification in which the rollers 58, 58 and the disk 68 are made integral- As-is shown in the said figure the end portions of the roller 21 located at opposite sides of the teeth 68' are provided with rings IM and I82. Thus thestrip and. paper are clamped between the said rings and yet the indentations 88' are adapted to interengage.

As is shown in Fig. 14, to the reenforcing strip 88 a narrow strip 81 is applied which is not coated with cement and which is to be folded around the edgeof the paper to provide additional reenforcing means. The said strip 81 adheres to the strip 88. Preferably it is made from particularly.

strong paper or fabric. In lieu thereof we may embed one or more threads in the cement.

The reenforcing strip elaborated as shown in Fig. 14 is. peculiarly serviceable, and to such a strip the apparatus as shown is particularly adapted By virtue of the narrow strip 81, increasing the overall thickness of the medial portion of the reenforcing strip, the reenforcing strip presents in this thickened medial portion opposite 'surfaces that are not inhigh degree adherent; and, in consequence, the .reenforcing' strip wound upon the spool l8 may readily be withdrawn as machine operation progresses. 0f the friction rollers 2| and 23 it will be remarked that, while the body of roller 23 is of relatively great length (vertical extent) and of sufficient length to sustain the reenforcing strip throughout all of its width, the roller 2t is narrower. This roller 23 will, in case the reenforcing strip be of the elaborated form (Fig. 14), engage that side of the reenforcing strip to which the narrow strip 81 has been applied; and, by virtue of its relatively small length, the roller 21 will immediately engage the outer surface of the narrow strip 81 only. The marginal portions of the reenforcing strip with exposed areas of adhesive coating will not, therefore, be engaged by nor foul the roller 2|.

By piercing the sheet along its margin as is shown at 88 the cement of the strip 88 passes through the'holes 88 and the folds of the strip is not very adhesive relatively to the glue ap-.

I 86 are'cemented to each other. Thus even such paper for example as oiled tracing paper (which plied to the strip) is properly-reenforced. In some cases we use reenforcing strips which are different incolor for indicating the subject. matter. printed or-drawn on the sheets of paper for convenience in filing the same.

While in describing the invention referencehas been made to particular examples embodying the same we wish it-to be. understood that our invention is not limited to theconstructions shown in the drawings, and that various changes may be'made in the general arrangement of the apparatus and the construction of its parts without departing from the invention. For example,

our invention is not'limite d toa construction in which a strip of reenforcing paper is'supplied which has a non-cemented strip applied thereto, or to a machine in which a pierced sheet of paper is reenforced, or in which. the sheet of paper is pierced by mechanism such as the rollers 00, 9|

mounted on' the apparatus. In some cases we.

reenforce a sheet of paper which has not been pierced, or which has been pierced before being placed on the apparatus. Further, the invention is not limited to a construction in which a previously glued reenforcing strip iswound on the spool I8.

We claim:

' 1-. The'herein described method of reenforcing the margin of-sheets of paper or fabric, which consists in piercing a sheetof paper or fabric along its margin and folding a cemented reenforcing strip around said margin and on the pressing the reenpierced portion. thereof, and forcing strip to the paper.

2. The herein described apparatus'for reenforcing the margin of a sheet of paper or fabric, comprising means for guiding a sheet, means for supplying a reenforcing strip alongside the margin of the sheet, comprising an end-flanged spool carrying a supply of reenforcing.strip,a support for an end-flanged spool containing said strip, such support consisting of a rigid horizontally-extending disk and a rigid vertically-standing bolt, and a weighted plate adapted to be placed upon said bolt and to rest upon a spool previously placed upon said-bolt, such rigid disk and weighted plate co.-operating when a spool is in place between themas braking means therefor, means for folding said strip around the marginof the sheet, and means for uniting said strip to said sheet.

3. The herein described apparatus for reenforcing the margins of sheets of paper or fabric; comprising means for guiding a sheet, means for supplying a reenforcing strip alongside. the margin of the sheet comprising a pair of rotary friction members adapted to have the strip passed between the same, means operative upon one of said friction members tending to restrain the otherwise. free rotation thereof, yielding means operative upon one of said friction members tending to hold it in engagement with its said strip to said sheet.

4. The herein described. apparatus for reenforcing the margins of sheets of paper or fabric, comprising means for guiding a sheet, means for supp ying a reenforcing strip alongside the margin of the sheet comprising a pair of rollers adapted to have a reenforcing strip passed be tween the same, adjustable braking means-for one of said rollers, means for pressing said rollers toward eachv other, means for folding said strip around the margin of the sheet, and means for uniting said strip to said sheet.

5. The'herein'described' apparatus for reenforcing the margins of sheetsof paper or fabric, comprising means for guiding a sheet, means for supplying a reenforcingstrip alongside .the margin of the sheet, a member for foldingsaid strip around the margin of said sheet loosely mounted for rocking transversely of the plane of'said reenforcing strip supplied thereto, and means for uniting said strip to said sheet.

'- 6. The herein described apparatus for reenforcing the margins of sheets of paper or fabric,

' comprising means for guiding a sheet, means for supplyinga reenforcing strip alongside the margin of the sheet, a member for folding said strip around the margin of the said sheet loosely mounted for rocking transversely of the plane of said reenforcing strip, the axis on which said member is rockable being located substantially at the delivery end of the said folding member,

and means for uniting said strip to said sheet.

7.. The herein described apparatus for reenforcing the-margins of sheets of paper or fabric, comprising .means for guiding a' sheet, means for supplying a reenforcing strip alongside the margin of the sheet, a member for folding said strip around the margin .of said. sheet loosely mounted for rocking about; two axes perpendicularly to each other and. transverse of the strip being fed, and means for uniting said strip to said sheet. 1

8. Theherein described apparatus for reenforcing the margins of sheets of paper or fabric, comprising a pair of rotary members constructed for distorting and compressing a sheet having a reenforcing strip-folded around its margin and each comprising a circular pressing surface and a concentric circular indented portion having its indentations cut inwardly beyond the circumference of said pressing surfaces, and means for rotary members.

9. The herein described apparatus for reenforcing the margins of sheets of paper or fabric, comprising a pair of rotary members constructed for distorting and compressing a sheet having a reenforcing strip folded around its -margin and each comprising a pair of pressing disks and an indented disk disposed between said pressing disks and concentrically thereof and having the indentations cut inwardly beyond the pressing surfaces of said pressing disks, and means for uniting said strip to said sheet.-

10. The herein described apparatus for reen-' forcing the margins of sheets of paper or fabric, comprising a pair of rotary members constructed for distorting and compressing a sheet having a reenforcing strip folded around its margin and" each comprising acircular disk formed circumferentially with projecting teeth and a concentric surface and a ring on said concentric surface having a thickness smaller than .the height of. said teeth, and meansfor uniting'said strip to -said sheet. 4

11'. The herein described apparatus forreenforcing the margins of sheets of paper, comprising a pair of'rotary members constructed for distorting and compressing a sheet having a reenforcing strip folded around its margin; a pair of pressing rollers in position for taking the said strip and sheet from said distorting and compressing members and having a circumferential velocity slightly greater than that of said distorting and compressing members, and means for passing a sheet having a reenforcing strip folded around its marginthrough said members and rollers.

gin through said compressing means and said' cutting means.

13. The herein described apparatus for reenforcing the margins of sheets of paper or fabric, comprising mechanism for piercing a sheet along its margin, means for folding a reenforcing strip around the said margin of said sheet, means for pressing said reenforcing stri on said sheet, and means for passing said sh with its margin through said piercing means and thereafter through said compressing means.

14. In apparatus for reenforcing the margin of a sheet of paper or fabric, means for guiding a sheet, means for folding a reenforcing strip around the margin of said sheet and securing to the sheet such folded strip, such means including two pairs of rollers adapted'successively to engage theso guided sheet with the reenforcing strip folded thereon, means for yieldingly holding one roll of each pair to position of co-operation with its companion in engagement upon-a sheet with reenforced margin, and a single means for shifting simultaneously the two yieldingly held rollers away from co-operative' position with their companion rollers.

15. Apparatus for reenforcing the margin of a sheet of paper or fabric including a support,

means for guiding a sheet, means for folding a reenforcing strip around the margin of the sheet,

twotpairs of rollers adapted successively to en-,

gage the reenforced margin of a guided sheet, one roll of each of said pairs being iournaled in said support and the other two rollers of the two pairs being severally mounted each in one of two levers pivoted in said support, resilient means for swinging the levers and holding the rollers borne thereby to co-operative position with the companion rollers of the two pairs, and means for swinging the levers at 'will against the tension of the resilient means last named.

16. The herein described apparatus for reenforcing the margins of sheets of paper, compris ing a pair of co-operating pressing rollers having portions difierent in diameter and forming a pass of which a portion is of relatively great width and a portion of relativelysmall width, and means to supply to such roll-pass a sheet having a cemented reenforcing and thicknessincreasing strip folded around its margin and leaving the sheet elsewhere of less thickness, such portion of less thickness being supplied to the narrow portion of the roll -pass and the marginal portion of increased thickness being supplied to the wider portion of the roll-pass.

17. The, method herein described of applying to the margin of a sheet of paper or fabric a reenforcing strip which upon one side, and thro'ugh-. I

out a medial portion of its width .on the other side, is non-adherent and which in its marginal portions on such other side is adherent, which consists in engaging the strip yieldingly upon opposite non-adherent surfaces, drawing the so engaged strip forward and folding it upon the margin of the sheet to bereenforced and in so doing causing the adherent marginal surfaces of theistrip. to come untouched to contact upon opposite surfaces .of the sheet, and pressing the reenforcing strip to the sheet.

18. The herein described apparatus for reening strip and the other being of less length, corresponding to the width of the non-adherent medial portion of such reenforcing strip, means for folding the said strip around the margin of the sheet, and means for uniting said strip to said sheet.

' O'I'IO GERNGROSS.

HELIMUTE CHRIST, 

